Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease

Jong Hyun Jhee; Hyoungnae Kim; Seohyun Park; Hae Ryong Yun; Su Young Jung; Youn Kyung Kee; Chang Yun Yoon; Jung Tak Park; Seung Hyeok Han; Shin Wook Kang; Tae Hyun Yoo

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0171009

Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease

Jong Hyun Jhee, Hyoungnae Kim, Seohyun Park, Hae Ryong Yun, Su Young Jung, Youn Kyung Kee, Chang Yun Yoon, Jung Tak Park, Seung Hyeok Han, Shin Wook Kang, Tae Hyun Yoo

Department of Internal Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

29 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Background: Depression is reported to be the most common psychological problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several studies have reported that lower levels of serum Vitamin D are significantly associated with depression. Both Vitamin D deficiency and depression are prevalent in patients with CKD, yet the relationship between these two factors remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between Vitamin D levels and depression among CKD patients. Methods: Totally, 21,257 individuals who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, VI) from 2010-2014 were screened for the study; 533 CKD patients were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] ≤10 ng/mL. Patients were divided into Vitamin D deficient or sufficient groups. Depression was screened for using the Korean version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form. The association between Vitamin D deficiency and depression was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean participant age was 70.1±9.4 years; 262 patients (49.2%) were male. The median 25(OH)D3 level was 19.1±6.9 ng/mL. The prevalence of depression was higher in CKD patients than in the general population (14.3 vs. 11.1%, P = 0.03). Additionally, the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in CKD patients with (vs. without) Vitamin D deficiency (32.5% vs. 50.0%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio, 6.15; 95% confidence interval, 2.02±8.75; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Depression was highly prevalent in CKD patients, in whom Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression. Therefore, management of Vitamin D deficiency might help prevent depression in CKD patients.

Original language	English
Article number	0171009
Journal	PloS one
Volume	12
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171009
Publication status	Published - 2017 Feb

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Jhee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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10.1371/journal.pone.0171009

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title = "Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease",

abstract = "Background: Depression is reported to be the most common psychological problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several studies have reported that lower levels of serum Vitamin D are significantly associated with depression. Both Vitamin D deficiency and depression are prevalent in patients with CKD, yet the relationship between these two factors remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between Vitamin D levels and depression among CKD patients. Methods: Totally, 21,257 individuals who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, VI) from 2010-2014 were screened for the study; 533 CKD patients were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] ≤10 ng/mL. Patients were divided into Vitamin D deficient or sufficient groups. Depression was screened for using the Korean version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form. The association between Vitamin D deficiency and depression was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean participant age was 70.1±9.4 years; 262 patients (49.2%) were male. The median 25(OH)D3 level was 19.1±6.9 ng/mL. The prevalence of depression was higher in CKD patients than in the general population (14.3 vs. 11.1%, P = 0.03). Additionally, the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in CKD patients with (vs. without) Vitamin D deficiency (32.5% vs. 50.0%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio, 6.15; 95% confidence interval, 2.02±8.75; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Depression was highly prevalent in CKD patients, in whom Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression. Therefore, management of Vitamin D deficiency might help prevent depression in CKD patients.",

author = "Jhee, {Jong Hyun} and Hyoungnae Kim and Seohyun Park and Yun, {Hae Ryong} and Jung, {Su Young} and Kee, {Youn Kyung} and Yoon, {Chang Yun} and Park, {Jung Tak} and Han, {Seung Hyeok} and Kang, {Shin Wook} and Yoo, {Tae Hyun}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2017 Jhee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",

year = "2017",

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doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0171009",

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T1 - Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease

AU - Jhee, Jong Hyun

AU - Kim, Hyoungnae

AU - Park, Seohyun

AU - Yun, Hae Ryong

AU - Jung, Su Young

AU - Kee, Youn Kyung

AU - Yoon, Chang Yun

AU - Park, Jung Tak

AU - Han, Seung Hyeok

AU - Kang, Shin Wook

AU - Yoo, Tae Hyun

N1 - Publisher Copyright: © 2017 Jhee et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

PY - 2017/2

Y1 - 2017/2

N2 - Background: Depression is reported to be the most common psychological problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several studies have reported that lower levels of serum Vitamin D are significantly associated with depression. Both Vitamin D deficiency and depression are prevalent in patients with CKD, yet the relationship between these two factors remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between Vitamin D levels and depression among CKD patients. Methods: Totally, 21,257 individuals who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, VI) from 2010-2014 were screened for the study; 533 CKD patients were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] ≤10 ng/mL. Patients were divided into Vitamin D deficient or sufficient groups. Depression was screened for using the Korean version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form. The association between Vitamin D deficiency and depression was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean participant age was 70.1±9.4 years; 262 patients (49.2%) were male. The median 25(OH)D3 level was 19.1±6.9 ng/mL. The prevalence of depression was higher in CKD patients than in the general population (14.3 vs. 11.1%, P = 0.03). Additionally, the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in CKD patients with (vs. without) Vitamin D deficiency (32.5% vs. 50.0%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio, 6.15; 95% confidence interval, 2.02±8.75; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Depression was highly prevalent in CKD patients, in whom Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression. Therefore, management of Vitamin D deficiency might help prevent depression in CKD patients.

AB - Background: Depression is reported to be the most common psychological problem in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Several studies have reported that lower levels of serum Vitamin D are significantly associated with depression. Both Vitamin D deficiency and depression are prevalent in patients with CKD, yet the relationship between these two factors remains poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between Vitamin D levels and depression among CKD patients. Methods: Totally, 21,257 individuals who participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V, VI) from 2010-2014 were screened for the study; 533 CKD patients were included. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyVitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] ≤10 ng/mL. Patients were divided into Vitamin D deficient or sufficient groups. Depression was screened for using the Korean version of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Short Form. The association between Vitamin D deficiency and depression was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The mean participant age was 70.1±9.4 years; 262 patients (49.2%) were male. The median 25(OH)D3 level was 19.1±6.9 ng/mL. The prevalence of depression was higher in CKD patients than in the general population (14.3 vs. 11.1%, P = 0.03). Additionally, the prevalence of depression was significantly higher in CKD patients with (vs. without) Vitamin D deficiency (32.5% vs. 50.0%, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression after adjusting for confounding factors (adjusted odds ratio, 6.15; 95% confidence interval, 2.02±8.75; P = 0.001). Conclusion: Depression was highly prevalent in CKD patients, in whom Vitamin D deficiency was a significant independent predictor of depression. Therefore, management of Vitamin D deficiency might help prevent depression in CKD patients.

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Vitamin D deficiency is significantly associated with depression in patients with chronic kidney disease

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