Ultrafast and widely tuneable vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser, mode-locked by a graphene-integrated distributed Bragg reflector

C. A. Zaugg; Z. Sun; V. J. Wittwer; D. Popa; S. Milana; T. S. Kulmala; R. S. Sundaram; M. Mangold; O. D. Sieber; M. Golling; Y. Lee; J. H. Ahn; A. C. Ferrari; U. Keller

doi:10.1364/OE.21.031548

Ultrafast and widely tuneable vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser, mode-locked by a graphene-integrated distributed Bragg reflector

C. A. Zaugg, Z. Sun, V. J. Wittwer, D. Popa, S. Milana, T. S. Kulmala, R. S. Sundaram, M. Mangold, O. D. Sieber, M. Golling, Y. Lee, J. H. Ahn, A. C. Ferrari, U. Keller

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

118 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We report a versatile way of controlling the unsaturated loss, modulation depth and saturation fluence of graphene-based saturable absorbers (GSAs), by changing the thickness of a spacer between a single layer graphene (SLG) and a high-reflection mirror. This allows us to modulate the electric field intensity enhancement at the GSA from 0 up to 400%, due to the interference of incident and reflected light at the mirror. The unsaturated loss of the SLG-mirror-assembly can be reduced to ~0. We use this to mode-lock a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) from 935 to 981 nm. This approach can be applied to integrate SLG into various optical components, such as output coupler mirrors, dispersive mirrors or dielectric coatings on gain materials. Conversely, it can also be used to increase the absorption (up to 10%) in various graphene based photonics and optoelectronics devices, such as photodetectors.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	31548-31559
Number of pages	12
Journal	Optics Express
Volume	21
Issue number	25
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.031548
Publication status	Published - 2013 Dec 16

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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10.1364/OE.21.031548

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Zaugg, C. A., Sun, Z., Wittwer, V. J., Popa, D., Milana, S., Kulmala, T. S., Sundaram, R. S., Mangold, M., Sieber, O. D., Golling, M., Lee, Y., Ahn, J. H., Ferrari, A. C., & Keller, U. (2013). Ultrafast and widely tuneable vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser, mode-locked by a graphene-integrated distributed Bragg reflector. Optics Express, 21(25), 31548-31559. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.031548

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title = "Ultrafast and widely tuneable vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser, mode-locked by a graphene-integrated distributed Bragg reflector",

abstract = "We report a versatile way of controlling the unsaturated loss, modulation depth and saturation fluence of graphene-based saturable absorbers (GSAs), by changing the thickness of a spacer between a single layer graphene (SLG) and a high-reflection mirror. This allows us to modulate the electric field intensity enhancement at the GSA from 0 up to 400%, due to the interference of incident and reflected light at the mirror. The unsaturated loss of the SLG-mirror-assembly can be reduced to ~0. We use this to mode-lock a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) from 935 to 981 nm. This approach can be applied to integrate SLG into various optical components, such as output coupler mirrors, dispersive mirrors or dielectric coatings on gain materials. Conversely, it can also be used to increase the absorption (up to 10%) in various graphene based photonics and optoelectronics devices, such as photodetectors.",

author = "Zaugg, {C. A.} and Z. Sun and Wittwer, {V. J.} and D. Popa and S. Milana and Kulmala, {T. S.} and Sundaram, {R. S.} and M. Mangold and Sieber, {O. D.} and M. Golling and Y. Lee and Ahn, {J. H.} and Ferrari, {A. C.} and U. Keller",

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doi = "10.1364/OE.21.031548",

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Zaugg, CA, Sun, Z, Wittwer, VJ, Popa, D, Milana, S, Kulmala, TS, Sundaram, RS, Mangold, M, Sieber, OD, Golling, M, Lee, Y, Ahn, JH, Ferrari, AC & Keller, U 2013, 'Ultrafast and widely tuneable vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser, mode-locked by a graphene-integrated distributed Bragg reflector', Optics Express, vol. 21, no. 25, pp. 31548-31559. https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.21.031548

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AU - Zaugg, C. A.

AU - Sun, Z.

AU - Wittwer, V. J.

AU - Popa, D.

AU - Milana, S.

AU - Kulmala, T. S.

AU - Sundaram, R. S.

AU - Mangold, M.

AU - Sieber, O. D.

AU - Golling, M.

AU - Lee, Y.

AU - Ahn, J. H.

AU - Ferrari, A. C.

AU - Keller, U.

PY - 2013/12/16

Y1 - 2013/12/16

N2 - We report a versatile way of controlling the unsaturated loss, modulation depth and saturation fluence of graphene-based saturable absorbers (GSAs), by changing the thickness of a spacer between a single layer graphene (SLG) and a high-reflection mirror. This allows us to modulate the electric field intensity enhancement at the GSA from 0 up to 400%, due to the interference of incident and reflected light at the mirror. The unsaturated loss of the SLG-mirror-assembly can be reduced to ~0. We use this to mode-lock a vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser (VECSEL) from 935 to 981 nm. This approach can be applied to integrate SLG into various optical components, such as output coupler mirrors, dispersive mirrors or dielectric coatings on gain materials. Conversely, it can also be used to increase the absorption (up to 10%) in various graphene based photonics and optoelectronics devices, such as photodetectors.

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Ultrafast and widely tuneable vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting laser, mode-locked by a graphene-integrated distributed Bragg reflector

Abstract

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