Tracing the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus

Kyoung Hun Oh; Sung Won Jung; Keun Su Kim

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144341

Tracing the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus

Kyoung Hun Oh, Sung Won Jung, Keun Su Kim

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

9 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Black phosphorus has emerged as a class of two-dimensional semiconductors, but its degradation caused by surface oxidation upon exposure to ambient conditions has been a serious issue. A key to understanding the mechanism of surface oxidation is the initial-state structure that has remained elusive. We study the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus by low-temperature core-level photoelectron spectroscopy with the in situ dosage of O₂ in the ultrahigh-vacuum condition. Our high-resolution P 2p core-level spectra show two clearly distinct initial-state components of P atoms that have one and two neighboring O atoms, respectively. It is followed by the rapid growth of other higher binding-energy components originating from incomplete P₂O₅ bonded to black phosphorus with one or two less bonds to O atoms. The variation in the proportion of these components reveals the initial-state structure of dissociative adsorption and its evolution to the final form of phosphorus oxides.

Original language	English
Article number	144341
Journal	Applied Surface Science
Volume	504
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144341
Publication status	Published - 2020 Feb 28

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (Grants No. 2017R1A2B3011368, No. 2017R1A5A1014862, and No. 2018K1A3A7A09027641), and the Future-leading Research Initiative of 2019-22-0079 of Yonsei University. The works at the ALS were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg for help in experiments at the ALS, and J.K. Kim, H. Yamane, and N. Kosugi for help in experiments at the UVSOR.

Funding Information:
This work was supported from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (Grants No. 2017R1A2B3011368 , No. 2017R1A5A1014862 , and No. 2018K1A3A7A09027641 ), and the Future-leading Research Initiative of 2019-22-0079 of Yonsei University. The works at the ALS were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 . We thank C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg for help in experiments at the ALS, and J.K. Kim, H. Yamane, and N. Kosugi for help in experiments at the UVSOR.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Chemistry(all)
Condensed Matter Physics
Physics and Astronomy(all)
Surfaces and Interfaces
Surfaces, Coatings and Films

Access to Document

10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144341

Cite this

@article{6850c0be5faa49b9bf563acf6b675ab2,

title = "Tracing the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus",

abstract = "Black phosphorus has emerged as a class of two-dimensional semiconductors, but its degradation caused by surface oxidation upon exposure to ambient conditions has been a serious issue. A key to understanding the mechanism of surface oxidation is the initial-state structure that has remained elusive. We study the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus by low-temperature core-level photoelectron spectroscopy with the in situ dosage of O2 in the ultrahigh-vacuum condition. Our high-resolution P 2p core-level spectra show two clearly distinct initial-state components of P atoms that have one and two neighboring O atoms, respectively. It is followed by the rapid growth of other higher binding-energy components originating from incomplete P2O5 bonded to black phosphorus with one or two less bonds to O atoms. The variation in the proportion of these components reveals the initial-state structure of dissociative adsorption and its evolution to the final form of phosphorus oxides.",

author = "Oh, {Kyoung Hun} and Jung, {Sung Won} and Kim, {Keun Su}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (Grants No. 2017R1A2B3011368, No. 2017R1A5A1014862, and No. 2018K1A3A7A09027641), and the Future-leading Research Initiative of 2019-22-0079 of Yonsei University. The works at the ALS were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg for help in experiments at the ALS, and J.K. Kim, H. Yamane, and N. Kosugi for help in experiments at the UVSOR. Funding Information: This work was supported from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (Grants No. 2017R1A2B3011368 , No. 2017R1A5A1014862 , and No. 2018K1A3A7A09027641 ), and the Future-leading Research Initiative of 2019-22-0079 of Yonsei University. The works at the ALS were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 . We thank C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg for help in experiments at the ALS, and J.K. Kim, H. Yamane, and N. Kosugi for help in experiments at the UVSOR. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2019 Elsevier B.V.",

year = "2020",

month = feb,

day = "28",

doi = "10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144341",

language = "English",

volume = "504",

journal = "Applied Surface Science",

issn = "0169-4332",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Tracing the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus

AU - Oh, Kyoung Hun

AU - Jung, Sung Won

AU - Kim, Keun Su

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (Grants No. 2017R1A2B3011368, No. 2017R1A5A1014862, and No. 2018K1A3A7A09027641), and the Future-leading Research Initiative of 2019-22-0079 of Yonsei University. The works at the ALS were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. We thank C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg for help in experiments at the ALS, and J.K. Kim, H. Yamane, and N. Kosugi for help in experiments at the UVSOR. Funding Information: This work was supported from the National Research Foundation (NRF) of Korea (Grants No. 2017R1A2B3011368 , No. 2017R1A5A1014862 , and No. 2018K1A3A7A09027641 ), and the Future-leading Research Initiative of 2019-22-0079 of Yonsei University. The works at the ALS were supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Sciences under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231 . We thank C. Jozwiak, A. Bostwick, E. Rotenberg for help in experiments at the ALS, and J.K. Kim, H. Yamane, and N. Kosugi for help in experiments at the UVSOR. Publisher Copyright: © 2019 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2020/2/28

Y1 - 2020/2/28

N2 - Black phosphorus has emerged as a class of two-dimensional semiconductors, but its degradation caused by surface oxidation upon exposure to ambient conditions has been a serious issue. A key to understanding the mechanism of surface oxidation is the initial-state structure that has remained elusive. We study the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus by low-temperature core-level photoelectron spectroscopy with the in situ dosage of O2 in the ultrahigh-vacuum condition. Our high-resolution P 2p core-level spectra show two clearly distinct initial-state components of P atoms that have one and two neighboring O atoms, respectively. It is followed by the rapid growth of other higher binding-energy components originating from incomplete P2O5 bonded to black phosphorus with one or two less bonds to O atoms. The variation in the proportion of these components reveals the initial-state structure of dissociative adsorption and its evolution to the final form of phosphorus oxides.

AB - Black phosphorus has emerged as a class of two-dimensional semiconductors, but its degradation caused by surface oxidation upon exposure to ambient conditions has been a serious issue. A key to understanding the mechanism of surface oxidation is the initial-state structure that has remained elusive. We study the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus by low-temperature core-level photoelectron spectroscopy with the in situ dosage of O2 in the ultrahigh-vacuum condition. Our high-resolution P 2p core-level spectra show two clearly distinct initial-state components of P atoms that have one and two neighboring O atoms, respectively. It is followed by the rapid growth of other higher binding-energy components originating from incomplete P2O5 bonded to black phosphorus with one or two less bonds to O atoms. The variation in the proportion of these components reveals the initial-state structure of dissociative adsorption and its evolution to the final form of phosphorus oxides.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85075391067&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85075391067&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144341

DO - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2019.144341

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85075391067

SN - 0169-4332

VL - 504

JO - Applied Surface Science

JF - Applied Surface Science

M1 - 144341

ER -

Tracing the initial state of surface oxidation in black phosphorus

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this