Surfactants show both large positive and negative effects on observed electron transfer rates at thermally reduced graphenes

Colin Hong An Wong; Martin Pumera

doi:10.1016/j.elecom.2012.06.007

Surfactants show both large positive and negative effects on observed electron transfer rates at thermally reduced graphenes

Colin Hong An Wong, Martin Pumera

Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

15 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The use of surfactants is ubiquitous in the production of graphene and its analogs as well as their stabilization in solution due to their hydrophobicity causing significant aggregation in aqueous media. Several redox probes ([Fe(CN) ₆] ^{4 -/3 -}, [Ru(NH ₃) ₆] ^{2 +/3 +}, Fe _aq ^{2 +/3 +}) were employed to assess the effect of various surfactants on the electrochemical responses of glassy carbon (GC) as well as thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) modified GC electrodes. Anionic (sodium cholate, sodium dodecyl sulfate) as well as cationic (cetrimonium bromide) surfactants were used in this investigation. The presence of these surfactants was shown to have varying influences on peak-to-peak separation (ΔE) and faster/slower observed heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) values depending on the nature of the probe as well as type of surfactant. Careful consideration of control experiments is recommended to aid in determining a material's electrochemical performance.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	105-108
Number of pages	4
Journal	Electrochemistry Communications
Volume	22
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.elecom.2012.06.007
Publication status	Published - 2012 Aug

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We wish to acknowledge NAP start-up grant ( NTU ) as well as Ministry of Defense grant MINDEF-NTU-JPP/11/02/06 for financial support. We also wish to acknowledge the funding support for this project from Nanyang Technological University under the Undergraduate Research Experience on CAmpus (URECA) program.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Electrochemistry

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10.1016/j.elecom.2012.06.007

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title = "Surfactants show both large positive and negative effects on observed electron transfer rates at thermally reduced graphenes",

abstract = "The use of surfactants is ubiquitous in the production of graphene and its analogs as well as their stabilization in solution due to their hydrophobicity causing significant aggregation in aqueous media. Several redox probes ([Fe(CN) 6] 4 -/3 -, [Ru(NH 3) 6] 2 +/3 +, Fe aq 2 +/3 +) were employed to assess the effect of various surfactants on the electrochemical responses of glassy carbon (GC) as well as thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) modified GC electrodes. Anionic (sodium cholate, sodium dodecyl sulfate) as well as cationic (cetrimonium bromide) surfactants were used in this investigation. The presence of these surfactants was shown to have varying influences on peak-to-peak separation (ΔE) and faster/slower observed heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) values depending on the nature of the probe as well as type of surfactant. Careful consideration of control experiments is recommended to aid in determining a material's electrochemical performance.",

author = "Wong, {Colin Hong An} and Martin Pumera",

note = "Funding Information: We wish to acknowledge NAP start-up grant ( NTU ) as well as Ministry of Defense grant MINDEF-NTU-JPP/11/02/06 for financial support. We also wish to acknowledge the funding support for this project from Nanyang Technological University under the Undergraduate Research Experience on CAmpus (URECA) program.",

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N2 - The use of surfactants is ubiquitous in the production of graphene and its analogs as well as their stabilization in solution due to their hydrophobicity causing significant aggregation in aqueous media. Several redox probes ([Fe(CN) 6] 4 -/3 -, [Ru(NH 3) 6] 2 +/3 +, Fe aq 2 +/3 +) were employed to assess the effect of various surfactants on the electrochemical responses of glassy carbon (GC) as well as thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) modified GC electrodes. Anionic (sodium cholate, sodium dodecyl sulfate) as well as cationic (cetrimonium bromide) surfactants were used in this investigation. The presence of these surfactants was shown to have varying influences on peak-to-peak separation (ΔE) and faster/slower observed heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) values depending on the nature of the probe as well as type of surfactant. Careful consideration of control experiments is recommended to aid in determining a material's electrochemical performance.

AB - The use of surfactants is ubiquitous in the production of graphene and its analogs as well as their stabilization in solution due to their hydrophobicity causing significant aggregation in aqueous media. Several redox probes ([Fe(CN) 6] 4 -/3 -, [Ru(NH 3) 6] 2 +/3 +, Fe aq 2 +/3 +) were employed to assess the effect of various surfactants on the electrochemical responses of glassy carbon (GC) as well as thermally reduced graphene oxide (TRGO) modified GC electrodes. Anionic (sodium cholate, sodium dodecyl sulfate) as well as cationic (cetrimonium bromide) surfactants were used in this investigation. The presence of these surfactants was shown to have varying influences on peak-to-peak separation (ΔE) and faster/slower observed heterogeneous electron transfer (HET) values depending on the nature of the probe as well as type of surfactant. Careful consideration of control experiments is recommended to aid in determining a material's electrochemical performance.

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Surfactants show both large positive and negative effects on observed electron transfer rates at thermally reduced graphenes

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

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