Prognostic significance of plaque location in non-obstructive coronary artery disease: from the CONFIRM registry

Donghee Han; Billy Chen; Heidi Gransar; Stephan Achenbach; Mouaz H. Al-Mallah; Matthew J. Budoff; Filippo Cademartiri; Erica Maffei; Tracy Q. Callister; Kavitha Chinnaiyan; Benjamin J.W. Chow; Augustin DeLago; Martin Hadamitzky; Joerg Hausleiter; Philipp A. Kaufmann; Todd C. Villines; Yong Jin Kim; Jonathon Leipsic; Gudrun Feuchtner; Ricardo C. Cury; Gianluca Pontone; Daniele Andreini; Hugo Marques; Ronen Rubinshtein; Hyuk Jae Chang; Fay Y. Lin; Leslee J. Shaw; James K. Min; Daniel S. Berman

doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeab223

Prognostic significance of plaque location in non-obstructive coronary artery disease: from the CONFIRM registry

Donghee Han, Billy Chen, Heidi Gransar, Stephan Achenbach, Mouaz H. Al-Mallah, Matthew J. Budoff, Filippo Cademartiri, Erica Maffei, Tracy Q. Callister, Kavitha Chinnaiyan, Benjamin J.W. Chow, Augustin DeLago, Martin Hadamitzky, Joerg Hausleiter, Philipp A. Kaufmann, Todd C. Villines, Yong Jin Kim, Jonathon Leipsic, Gudrun Feuchtner, Ricardo C. CuryGianluca Pontone, Daniele Andreini, Hugo Marques, Ronen Rubinshtein, Hyuk Jae Chang, Fay Y. Lin, Leslee J. Shaw, James K. Min, Daniel S. Berman

Department of Internal Medicine

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Aim: Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in proximal coronary segments is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the relative importance of plaque location regarding the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with non-obstructive CAD has not been well defined. Methods and results: From the Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Outcomes: An International Multicenter (CONFIRM) registry, 4644 patients without obstructive CAD were included in this study. The degree of stenosis was classified as 0 (no) and 1-49% (non-obstructive). Proximal involvement was defined as any plaque present in the left main or the proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery. Extensive CAD was defined as segment involvement score of >4. During a median follow-up of 5.2 years (interquartile range 4.1-6.0), 340 (7.3%) MACE occurred. Within the non-obstructive CAD group (n = 2065), proximal involvement was observed in 1767 (85.6%) cases. When compared to non-obstructive CAD patients without proximal involvement, those with proximal involvement had an increased MACE risk (log-rank P = 0.033). Multivariate Cox analysis showed when compared to patients with no CAD, proximal non-obstructive CAD was associated with increased MACE risk [hazard ratio (HR) 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-2.45, P < 0.001] after adjusting for extensive CAD and conventional cardiovascular risk factors; however, non-proximal non-obstructive CAD did not increase MACE risk (HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.79-2.01, P = 0.339). Conclusions: Independent of plaque extent, proximal coronary involvement was associated with increased MACE risk in patients with non-obstructive CAD. The plaque location information by coronary computed tomography angiography may provide additional risk prediction over CAD extent in patients with non-obstructive CAD.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	1240-1247
Number of pages	8
Journal	European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging
Volume	23
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeab223
Publication status	Published - 2022 Sept 1

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Conflict of interest: J.K.M. receives funding from the Dalio Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and GE Healthcare; has serves on the scientific advisory board of Arineta and GE Healthcare; and has an equity interest in Cleerly. B.J.W.C. receives research grant support from TD Bank, Artrya, Siemens, and AusculSciences and has an equity interest in GE healthcare. P.A.K.’s nuclear department at the University Hospital Zurich holds research agreement with GE Healthcare. G.P. receives honorarium as speaker and research institutional grant from GE, Bracco, Boehringer, and HeartFlow. All other authors declared no conflict of interest.

Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the Dr Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2021 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Radiology Nuclear Medicine and imaging
Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine

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10.1093/ehjci/jeab223

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Han, D., Chen, B., Gransar, H., Achenbach, S., Al-Mallah, M. H., Budoff, M. J., Cademartiri, F., Maffei, E., Callister, T. Q., Chinnaiyan, K., Chow, B. J. W., DeLago, A., Hadamitzky, M., Hausleiter, J., Kaufmann, P. A., Villines, T. C., Kim, Y. J., Leipsic, J., Feuchtner, G., ... Berman, D. S. (2022). Prognostic significance of plaque location in non-obstructive coronary artery disease: from the CONFIRM registry. European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging, 23(9), 1240-1247. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeab223

@article{ce9bf63c84f0476f97cae28fb865ba09,

title = "Prognostic significance of plaque location in non-obstructive coronary artery disease: from the CONFIRM registry",

abstract = "Aim: Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in proximal coronary segments is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the relative importance of plaque location regarding the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with non-obstructive CAD has not been well defined. Methods and results: From the Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Outcomes: An International Multicenter (CONFIRM) registry, 4644 patients without obstructive CAD were included in this study. The degree of stenosis was classified as 0 (no) and 1-49% (non-obstructive). Proximal involvement was defined as any plaque present in the left main or the proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery. Extensive CAD was defined as segment involvement score of >4. During a median follow-up of 5.2 years (interquartile range 4.1-6.0), 340 (7.3%) MACE occurred. Within the non-obstructive CAD group (n = 2065), proximal involvement was observed in 1767 (85.6%) cases. When compared to non-obstructive CAD patients without proximal involvement, those with proximal involvement had an increased MACE risk (log-rank P = 0.033). Multivariate Cox analysis showed when compared to patients with no CAD, proximal non-obstructive CAD was associated with increased MACE risk [hazard ratio (HR) 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-2.45, P < 0.001] after adjusting for extensive CAD and conventional cardiovascular risk factors; however, non-proximal non-obstructive CAD did not increase MACE risk (HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.79-2.01, P = 0.339). Conclusions: Independent of plaque extent, proximal coronary involvement was associated with increased MACE risk in patients with non-obstructive CAD. The plaque location information by coronary computed tomography angiography may provide additional risk prediction over CAD extent in patients with non-obstructive CAD.",

author = "Donghee Han and Billy Chen and Heidi Gransar and Stephan Achenbach and Al-Mallah, {Mouaz H.} and Budoff, {Matthew J.} and Filippo Cademartiri and Erica Maffei and Callister, {Tracy Q.} and Kavitha Chinnaiyan and Chow, {Benjamin J.W.} and Augustin DeLago and Martin Hadamitzky and Joerg Hausleiter and Kaufmann, {Philipp A.} and Villines, {Todd C.} and Kim, {Yong Jin} and Jonathon Leipsic and Gudrun Feuchtner and Cury, {Ricardo C.} and Gianluca Pontone and Daniele Andreini and Hugo Marques and Ronen Rubinshtein and Chang, {Hyuk Jae} and Lin, {Fay Y.} and Shaw, {Leslee J.} and Min, {James K.} and Berman, {Daniel S.}",

note = "Funding Information: Conflict of interest: J.K.M. receives funding from the Dalio Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and GE Healthcare; has serves on the scientific advisory board of Arineta and GE Healthcare; and has an equity interest in Cleerly. B.J.W.C. receives research grant support from TD Bank, Artrya, Siemens, and AusculSciences and has an equity interest in GE healthcare. P.A.K.{\textquoteright}s nuclear department at the University Hospital Zurich holds research agreement with GE Healthcare. G.P. receives honorarium as speaker and research institutional grant from GE, Bracco, Boehringer, and HeartFlow. All other authors declared no conflict of interest. Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the Dr Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. ",

year = "2022",

month = sep,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1093/ehjci/jeab223",

language = "English",

volume = "23",

pages = "1240--1247",

journal = "European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging",

issn = "2047-2404",

publisher = "Oxford University Press",

number = "9",

}

Han, D, Chen, B, Gransar, H, Achenbach, S, Al-Mallah, MH, Budoff, MJ, Cademartiri, F, Maffei, E, Callister, TQ, Chinnaiyan, K, Chow, BJW, DeLago, A, Hadamitzky, M, Hausleiter, J, Kaufmann, PA, Villines, TC, Kim, YJ, Leipsic, J, Feuchtner, G, Cury, RC, Pontone, G, Andreini, D, Marques, H, Rubinshtein, R, Chang, HJ, Lin, FY, Shaw, LJ, Min, JK & Berman, DS 2022, 'Prognostic significance of plaque location in non-obstructive coronary artery disease: from the CONFIRM registry', European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging, vol. 23, no. 9, pp. 1240-1247. https://doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jeab223

TY - JOUR

T1 - Prognostic significance of plaque location in non-obstructive coronary artery disease

T2 - from the CONFIRM registry

AU - Han, Donghee

AU - Chen, Billy

AU - Gransar, Heidi

AU - Achenbach, Stephan

AU - Al-Mallah, Mouaz H.

AU - Budoff, Matthew J.

AU - Cademartiri, Filippo

AU - Maffei, Erica

AU - Callister, Tracy Q.

AU - Chinnaiyan, Kavitha

AU - Chow, Benjamin J.W.

AU - DeLago, Augustin

AU - Hadamitzky, Martin

AU - Hausleiter, Joerg

AU - Kaufmann, Philipp A.

AU - Villines, Todd C.

AU - Kim, Yong Jin

AU - Leipsic, Jonathon

AU - Feuchtner, Gudrun

AU - Cury, Ricardo C.

AU - Pontone, Gianluca

AU - Andreini, Daniele

AU - Marques, Hugo

AU - Rubinshtein, Ronen

AU - Chang, Hyuk Jae

AU - Lin, Fay Y.

AU - Shaw, Leslee J.

AU - Min, James K.

AU - Berman, Daniel S.

N1 - Funding Information: Conflict of interest: J.K.M. receives funding from the Dalio Foundation, National Institutes of Health, and GE Healthcare; has serves on the scientific advisory board of Arineta and GE Healthcare; and has an equity interest in Cleerly. B.J.W.C. receives research grant support from TD Bank, Artrya, Siemens, and AusculSciences and has an equity interest in GE healthcare. P.A.K.’s nuclear department at the University Hospital Zurich holds research agreement with GE Healthcare. G.P. receives honorarium as speaker and research institutional grant from GE, Bracco, Boehringer, and HeartFlow. All other authors declared no conflict of interest. Funding Information: This work was supported in part by the Dr Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation. Publisher Copyright: © 2021 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.

PY - 2022/9/1

Y1 - 2022/9/1

N2 - Aim: Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in proximal coronary segments is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the relative importance of plaque location regarding the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with non-obstructive CAD has not been well defined. Methods and results: From the Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Outcomes: An International Multicenter (CONFIRM) registry, 4644 patients without obstructive CAD were included in this study. The degree of stenosis was classified as 0 (no) and 1-49% (non-obstructive). Proximal involvement was defined as any plaque present in the left main or the proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery. Extensive CAD was defined as segment involvement score of >4. During a median follow-up of 5.2 years (interquartile range 4.1-6.0), 340 (7.3%) MACE occurred. Within the non-obstructive CAD group (n = 2065), proximal involvement was observed in 1767 (85.6%) cases. When compared to non-obstructive CAD patients without proximal involvement, those with proximal involvement had an increased MACE risk (log-rank P = 0.033). Multivariate Cox analysis showed when compared to patients with no CAD, proximal non-obstructive CAD was associated with increased MACE risk [hazard ratio (HR) 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-2.45, P < 0.001] after adjusting for extensive CAD and conventional cardiovascular risk factors; however, non-proximal non-obstructive CAD did not increase MACE risk (HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.79-2.01, P = 0.339). Conclusions: Independent of plaque extent, proximal coronary involvement was associated with increased MACE risk in patients with non-obstructive CAD. The plaque location information by coronary computed tomography angiography may provide additional risk prediction over CAD extent in patients with non-obstructive CAD.

AB - Aim: Obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in proximal coronary segments is associated with a poor prognosis. However, the relative importance of plaque location regarding the risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients with non-obstructive CAD has not been well defined. Methods and results: From the Coronary CT Angiography Evaluation for Clinical Outcomes: An International Multicenter (CONFIRM) registry, 4644 patients without obstructive CAD were included in this study. The degree of stenosis was classified as 0 (no) and 1-49% (non-obstructive). Proximal involvement was defined as any plaque present in the left main or the proximal segment of the left anterior descending artery, left circumflex artery, and right coronary artery. Extensive CAD was defined as segment involvement score of >4. During a median follow-up of 5.2 years (interquartile range 4.1-6.0), 340 (7.3%) MACE occurred. Within the non-obstructive CAD group (n = 2065), proximal involvement was observed in 1767 (85.6%) cases. When compared to non-obstructive CAD patients without proximal involvement, those with proximal involvement had an increased MACE risk (log-rank P = 0.033). Multivariate Cox analysis showed when compared to patients with no CAD, proximal non-obstructive CAD was associated with increased MACE risk [hazard ratio (HR) 1.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.47-2.45, P < 0.001] after adjusting for extensive CAD and conventional cardiovascular risk factors; however, non-proximal non-obstructive CAD did not increase MACE risk (HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.79-2.01, P = 0.339). Conclusions: Independent of plaque extent, proximal coronary involvement was associated with increased MACE risk in patients with non-obstructive CAD. The plaque location information by coronary computed tomography angiography may provide additional risk prediction over CAD extent in patients with non-obstructive CAD.

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JO - European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging

JF - European heart journal cardiovascular Imaging

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Prognostic significance of plaque location in non-obstructive coronary artery disease: from the CONFIRM registry

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