Nanocrystalline graphene for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Giuliana Faggio; Rossella Grillo; Nicola Lisi; Francesco Buonocore; Rosa Chierchia; Min Jung Kim; Gwan Hyoung Lee; Andrea Capasso; Giacomo Messina

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.154035

Nanocrystalline graphene for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Giuliana Faggio, Rossella Grillo, Nicola Lisi, Francesco Buonocore, Rosa Chierchia, Min Jung Kim, Gwan Hyoung Lee, Andrea Capasso, Giacomo Messina

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The development of ultrasensitive and biocompatible Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, able to provide uniform and reproducible signals, has become a focus of study in the last decade. Graphene, with his advantageous properties, such as photoluminescence quenching of fluorescent dyes, chemical inertness and biocompatibility, allows to overcome many important limitations of conventional metal SERS substrates. In this work, we develop ultrasensitive graphene substrates by ethanol Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Large-area thin films composed of nanosized sp² grains surrounded by disordered regions are obtained by lowering the growth temperature from the standard 1070 °C to 700 °C. Our substrates are able to detect trace amounts of molecules, down to 6·10⁻¹¹ M, which is the lowest concentration that has been achieved in Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (GERS) with rhodamine 6G (R6G) as probe molecule. This outstanding result is attributable to two main features: i) more efficient charge transfer due to the energy level matching between R6G and the nanocrystalline graphene film; ii) large number of grain boundaries acting as “trapping sites” for the molecules.

Original language	English
Article number	154035
Journal	Applied Surface Science
Volume	599
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.154035
Publication status	Published - 2022 Oct 15

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This publication is co-financed with the support of the European Commission, the European Social Fund, and the Calabria Region (CUP: C31J19000010002).

Funding Information:
G.H.L acknowledges the supports from Basic Science Research Program and the International Research & Development Program through the NRF of Korea (2019K1A3A1A25000267, NRF-2021R1A2C3014316) and Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program through Seoul National University (SNU).

Funding Information:
The computing resources and the related technical support used for this work have been provided by CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure and its staff. CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure is funded by ENEA, the Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development and by Italian and European research programs, see http://www.cresco.enea.it/english for information.

Funding Information:
A.C. acknowledges the financial support of the project “GEMIS – Graphene-enhanced Electro Magnetic Interference Shielding” with the reference POCI-01-0247-FEDER-045939, co-funded by COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization and FCT –Science and Technology Foundation, under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Elsevier B.V.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Chemistry(all)
Condensed Matter Physics
Physics and Astronomy(all)
Surfaces and Interfaces
Surfaces, Coatings and Films

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10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.154035

Cite this

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title = "Nanocrystalline graphene for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy",

abstract = "The development of ultrasensitive and biocompatible Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, able to provide uniform and reproducible signals, has become a focus of study in the last decade. Graphene, with his advantageous properties, such as photoluminescence quenching of fluorescent dyes, chemical inertness and biocompatibility, allows to overcome many important limitations of conventional metal SERS substrates. In this work, we develop ultrasensitive graphene substrates by ethanol Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Large-area thin films composed of nanosized sp2 grains surrounded by disordered regions are obtained by lowering the growth temperature from the standard 1070 °C to 700 °C. Our substrates are able to detect trace amounts of molecules, down to 6·10−11 M, which is the lowest concentration that has been achieved in Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (GERS) with rhodamine 6G (R6G) as probe molecule. This outstanding result is attributable to two main features: i) more efficient charge transfer due to the energy level matching between R6G and the nanocrystalline graphene film; ii) large number of grain boundaries acting as “trapping sites” for the molecules.",

author = "Giuliana Faggio and Rossella Grillo and Nicola Lisi and Francesco Buonocore and Rosa Chierchia and {Jung Kim}, Min and Lee, {Gwan Hyoung} and Andrea Capasso and Giacomo Messina",

note = "Funding Information: This publication is co-financed with the support of the European Commission, the European Social Fund, and the Calabria Region (CUP: C31J19000010002). Funding Information: G.H.L acknowledges the supports from Basic Science Research Program and the International Research & Development Program through the NRF of Korea (2019K1A3A1A25000267, NRF-2021R1A2C3014316) and Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program through Seoul National University (SNU). Funding Information: The computing resources and the related technical support used for this work have been provided by CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure and its staff. CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure is funded by ENEA, the Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development and by Italian and European research programs, see http://www.cresco.enea.it/english for information. Funding Information: A.C. acknowledges the financial support of the project “GEMIS – Graphene-enhanced Electro Magnetic Interference Shielding” with the reference POCI-01-0247-FEDER-045939, co-funded by COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization and FCT –Science and Technology Foundation, under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Elsevier B.V.",

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AU - Faggio, Giuliana

AU - Grillo, Rossella

AU - Lisi, Nicola

AU - Buonocore, Francesco

AU - Chierchia, Rosa

AU - Jung Kim, Min

AU - Lee, Gwan Hyoung

AU - Capasso, Andrea

AU - Messina, Giacomo

N1 - Funding Information: This publication is co-financed with the support of the European Commission, the European Social Fund, and the Calabria Region (CUP: C31J19000010002). Funding Information: G.H.L acknowledges the supports from Basic Science Research Program and the International Research & Development Program through the NRF of Korea (2019K1A3A1A25000267, NRF-2021R1A2C3014316) and Creative-Pioneering Researchers Program through Seoul National University (SNU). Funding Information: The computing resources and the related technical support used for this work have been provided by CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure and its staff. CRESCO/ENEAGRID High Performance Computing infrastructure is funded by ENEA, the Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development and by Italian and European research programs, see http://www.cresco.enea.it/english for information. Funding Information: A.C. acknowledges the financial support of the project “GEMIS – Graphene-enhanced Electro Magnetic Interference Shielding” with the reference POCI-01-0247-FEDER-045939, co-funded by COMPETE 2020 – Operational Programme for Competitiveness and Internationalization and FCT –Science and Technology Foundation, under the Portugal 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

PY - 2022/10/15

Y1 - 2022/10/15

N2 - The development of ultrasensitive and biocompatible Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, able to provide uniform and reproducible signals, has become a focus of study in the last decade. Graphene, with his advantageous properties, such as photoluminescence quenching of fluorescent dyes, chemical inertness and biocompatibility, allows to overcome many important limitations of conventional metal SERS substrates. In this work, we develop ultrasensitive graphene substrates by ethanol Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Large-area thin films composed of nanosized sp2 grains surrounded by disordered regions are obtained by lowering the growth temperature from the standard 1070 °C to 700 °C. Our substrates are able to detect trace amounts of molecules, down to 6·10−11 M, which is the lowest concentration that has been achieved in Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (GERS) with rhodamine 6G (R6G) as probe molecule. This outstanding result is attributable to two main features: i) more efficient charge transfer due to the energy level matching between R6G and the nanocrystalline graphene film; ii) large number of grain boundaries acting as “trapping sites” for the molecules.

AB - The development of ultrasensitive and biocompatible Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, able to provide uniform and reproducible signals, has become a focus of study in the last decade. Graphene, with his advantageous properties, such as photoluminescence quenching of fluorescent dyes, chemical inertness and biocompatibility, allows to overcome many important limitations of conventional metal SERS substrates. In this work, we develop ultrasensitive graphene substrates by ethanol Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD). Large-area thin films composed of nanosized sp2 grains surrounded by disordered regions are obtained by lowering the growth temperature from the standard 1070 °C to 700 °C. Our substrates are able to detect trace amounts of molecules, down to 6·10−11 M, which is the lowest concentration that has been achieved in Graphene-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (GERS) with rhodamine 6G (R6G) as probe molecule. This outstanding result is attributable to two main features: i) more efficient charge transfer due to the energy level matching between R6G and the nanocrystalline graphene film; ii) large number of grain boundaries acting as “trapping sites” for the molecules.

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Nanocrystalline graphene for ultrasensitive surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

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