Managerial Roles and Entrepreneurship in Nonprofit Urban Arts Agencies in Virginia

The purpose of this study was to determine how arts administrators in virginia manage under conditions of retrenchment and fiscal constraint. The data analysis separated managers into four role groups according to their perceived degree of creativity and documented access to organizational resources. Managerial role types were compared with management behaviors to discern significant differences. The data suggest that arts agencies must select managers with a combination of entrepreneurial and administrative skills.