Korean guideline of desmopressin for the treatment of nocturia in men

Purpose: Nocturia is the most bothersome of lower urinary tract symptoms in men. Desmopressin, a synthetic analog of the human hormone vasopressin, has been used for the treatment of nocturia. However, the guidelines include varying recommendations for the use of desmopressin for the management of nocturia in men. Therefore, the Korean Urological Association (KUA) developed recommendations for desmopressin for the treatment of nocturia in men. Materials and Methods: A rigorous systematic review was performed and Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Develop-ment, and Evaluation methodology was used to rate the certainty of evidence for patient outcomes and to develop the evidence into recommendations. The steering group, guidelines development group, systematic review team, and external review group consisted of members of the Korean Continence Society, Korean Society of Geriatric Urological Care, and KUA, respectively, who were involved in the guidelines development process. Results: The guidelines address the benefits, harms, patients’ values and preferences, costs, and resources related to desmopressin by using a single clinical question: What is the effectiveness of desmopressin compared to that of placebo, behavior modification, or other pharmacological therapies? Conclusions: The guidelines development panel suggests desmopressin for men with nocturia instead of placebo, behavior modi-fication, or alpha-blocker monotherapy (low certainty of evidence, weak recommendation). Additionally, the panel suggests des-mopressin combination therapy with alpha-blockers for men with nocturia instead of alpha-blocker monotherapy or alpha-blocker combination therapy with anticholinergic agents (low certainty of evidence, weak recommendation).