Impact of peripheral artery disease on early and late outcomes of transcatheter aortic valve implantation in patients with severe aortic valve stenosis

Aims Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is frequently present in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe aortic stenosis. This study assessed the impact of PAD on clinical outcome after TAVI. Methods A total of 115 patients who underwent TAVI were evaluated retrospectively. Patients were divided into PAD and non-PAD groups, with PAD defined as stenosis ≥ 50% in lower extremity arteries. Immediate and late clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Results PAD was present in 31.3% (36/115) of the patients undergoing TAVI. Compared to the non-PAD group, the PAD group had higher Society of Thoracic Surgeons' (STS) risk scores (8.83% ± 6.20% vs 6.23% ± 4.15%, p = 0.039) and more frequent diagnoses of diabetes (52.8% vs 30.4%, p = 0.021) and multi-vessel coronary artery disease (55.6% vs 29.1%, p = 0.007). The PAD group also had higher incidence of major vascular complication (11.1% vs 1.3%, p = 0.033), 30-day mortality (13.9% vs 1.3%, p < 0.001), and subsequent 1-year (30.6% vs 3.8%, p < 0.001) and 2-year (47.2% vs. 10.1%, p < 0.001) all-cause mortality. PAD was identified as an independent predictor of increased 1-year mortality (hazard ratio [HR] 8.65; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05–71.14, p = 0.045) after TAVI along with high STS score (HR 11.18, 95% CI 1.36–92.04, p = 0.025). Conclusions Presence of PAD was significantly associated with increased rates of major vascular complications as well as immediate and late mortality in patients undergoing TAVI. Assessment of PAD before TAVI is essential to choose an access strategy and to predict clinical results.