Imaging of acute pulmonary and airway diseases in children

Among the various emergency diseases in children, acute pulmonary and airway disease are common clinical conditions encountered by radiologists, and the first imaging modality is chest radiography. Therefore, it is important to be familiar with these diseases and their imaging findings. In this article, we review pneumonia and mimickers of acute pulmonary disease. For acute airway disease, we reviewed croup, acute epiglottitis, tracheomalacia, asthma, postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans, and foreign body aspiration. We hope this review of special diseases can help the diagnosis and treatment in children.