Highly Selective Photoreduction of CO₂ with Suppressing H₂ Evolution over Monolayer Layered Double Hydroxide under Irradiation above 600 nm

Although progress has been made to improve photocatalytic CO₂ reduction under visible light (λ>400 nm), the development of photocatalysts that can work under a longer wavelength (λ>600 nm) remains a challenge. Now, a heterogeneous photocatalyst system consisting of a ruthenium complex and a monolayer nickel-alumina layered double hydroxide (NiAl-LDH), which act as light-harvesting and catalytic units for selective photoreduction of CO₂ and H₂O into CH₄ and CO under irradiation with λ>400 nm. By precisely tuning the irradiation wavelength, the selectivity of CH₄ can be improved to 70.3 %, and the H₂ evolution reaction can be completely suppressed under irradiation with λ>600 nm. The photogenerated electrons matching the energy levels of photosensitizer and m-NiAl-LDH only localized at the defect state, providing a driving force of 0.313 eV to overcome the Gibbs free energy barrier of CO₂ reduction to CH₄ (0.127 eV), rather than that for H₂ evolution (0.425 eV).