Flexible graphene-PZT ferroelectric nonvolatile memory

We report the fabrication of a flexible graphene-based nonvolatile memory device using Pb(Zr_0.35,Ti_0.65)O₃ (PZT) as the ferroelectric material. The graphene and PZT ferroelectric layers were deposited using chemical vapor deposition and sol-gel methods, respectively. Such PZT films show a high remnant polarization (P_r) of 30 μC cm ^-2 and a coercive voltage (V_c) of 3.5 V under a voltage loop over ±11 V. The graphene-PZT ferroelectric nonvolatile memory on a plastic substrate displayed an on/off current ratio of 6.7, a memory window of 6 V and reliable operation. In addition, the device showed one order of magnitude lower operation voltage range than organic-based ferroelectric nonvolatile memory after removing the anti-ferroelectric behavior incorporating an electrolyte solution. The devices showed robust operation in bent states of bending radii up to 9 mm and in cycling tests of 200 times. The devices exhibited remarkable mechanical properties and were readily integrated with plastic substrates for the production of flexible circuits.