Exploiting Redundant Energy of MMC-HVDC to Enhance Frequency Response of Low Inertia AC Grid

Heejin Kim; Jaesik Kang; Jae W. Shim; Jef Beerten; Dirk Van Hertem; Hong Ju Jung; Chan Ki Kim; Kyeon Hur

doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2942852

Exploiting Redundant Energy of MMC-HVDC to Enhance Frequency Response of Low Inertia AC Grid

Heejin Kim, Jaesik Kang, Jae W. Shim, Jef Beerten, Dirk Van Hertem, Hong Ju Jung, Chan Ki Kim, Kyeon Hur

Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

This paper presents a grid frequency responsive inertial control for the modular multilevel converter-high voltage DC (MMC-HVDC) using the MMC design attribute, i.e. submodule redundancy for high reliability. This control does not rely on the external energy sources in providing the inertial response. With an increase in the number of levels of MMCs via the proposed ${n}_{level}$ control, the submodule capacitor voltage decreases, and the electrostatic energy then flows from the submodule capacitors and supports extra power to the grid in need. Decoupled control of the AC, DC and submodule dynamics of the MMC maintains the desired control performance during and after the inertial response, emulating the inherent behavior of the synchronous machine. This study further quantifies the inertia constant of the MMC, equivalent to that of the synchronous machine. The proposed control performance is demonstrated in the context of a Jeju Island power grid with MMC-HVDC systems for the offshore wind interconnection and interconnection between mainland and Jeju. Simulation results present that the proposed method improves the frequency response in harmony with existing synchronous generators and line-commuted converter based HVDC system.

Original language	English
Article number	8846030
Pages (from-to)	138485-138494
Number of pages	10
Journal	IEEE Access
Volume	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2942852
Publication status	Published - 2019

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by under the framework of international cooperation program managed by the National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant 2017K1A4A3013579, and in part by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology under Grant 2018R1D1A1A09083054.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2013 IEEE.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Computer Science(all)
Materials Science(all)
Engineering(all)

Access to Document

10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2942852

Cite this

@article{88dfb49092c44feebed0cac7eb0a3455,

title = "Exploiting Redundant Energy of MMC-HVDC to Enhance Frequency Response of Low Inertia AC Grid",

abstract = "This paper presents a grid frequency responsive inertial control for the modular multilevel converter-high voltage DC (MMC-HVDC) using the MMC design attribute, i.e. submodule redundancy for high reliability. This control does not rely on the external energy sources in providing the inertial response. With an increase in the number of levels of MMCs via the proposed ${n}_{level}$ control, the submodule capacitor voltage decreases, and the electrostatic energy then flows from the submodule capacitors and supports extra power to the grid in need. Decoupled control of the AC, DC and submodule dynamics of the MMC maintains the desired control performance during and after the inertial response, emulating the inherent behavior of the synchronous machine. This study further quantifies the inertia constant of the MMC, equivalent to that of the synchronous machine. The proposed control performance is demonstrated in the context of a Jeju Island power grid with MMC-HVDC systems for the offshore wind interconnection and interconnection between mainland and Jeju. Simulation results present that the proposed method improves the frequency response in harmony with existing synchronous generators and line-commuted converter based HVDC system.",

author = "Heejin Kim and Jaesik Kang and Shim, {Jae W.} and Jef Beerten and {Van Hertem}, Dirk and Jung, {Hong Ju} and Kim, {Chan Ki} and Kyeon Hur",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported in part by under the framework of international cooperation program managed by the National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant 2017K1A4A3013579, and in part by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology under Grant 2018R1D1A1A09083054. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2013 IEEE.",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2942852",

language = "English",

volume = "7",

pages = "138485--138494",

journal = "IEEE Access",

issn = "2169-3536",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Exploiting Redundant Energy of MMC-HVDC to Enhance Frequency Response of Low Inertia AC Grid

AU - Kim, Heejin

AU - Kang, Jaesik

AU - Shim, Jae W.

AU - Beerten, Jef

AU - Van Hertem, Dirk

AU - Jung, Hong Ju

AU - Kim, Chan Ki

AU - Hur, Kyeon

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported in part by under the framework of international cooperation program managed by the National Research Foundation of Korea under Grant 2017K1A4A3013579, and in part by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology under Grant 2018R1D1A1A09083054. Publisher Copyright: © 2013 IEEE.

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - This paper presents a grid frequency responsive inertial control for the modular multilevel converter-high voltage DC (MMC-HVDC) using the MMC design attribute, i.e. submodule redundancy for high reliability. This control does not rely on the external energy sources in providing the inertial response. With an increase in the number of levels of MMCs via the proposed ${n}_{level}$ control, the submodule capacitor voltage decreases, and the electrostatic energy then flows from the submodule capacitors and supports extra power to the grid in need. Decoupled control of the AC, DC and submodule dynamics of the MMC maintains the desired control performance during and after the inertial response, emulating the inherent behavior of the synchronous machine. This study further quantifies the inertia constant of the MMC, equivalent to that of the synchronous machine. The proposed control performance is demonstrated in the context of a Jeju Island power grid with MMC-HVDC systems for the offshore wind interconnection and interconnection between mainland and Jeju. Simulation results present that the proposed method improves the frequency response in harmony with existing synchronous generators and line-commuted converter based HVDC system.

AB - This paper presents a grid frequency responsive inertial control for the modular multilevel converter-high voltage DC (MMC-HVDC) using the MMC design attribute, i.e. submodule redundancy for high reliability. This control does not rely on the external energy sources in providing the inertial response. With an increase in the number of levels of MMCs via the proposed ${n}_{level}$ control, the submodule capacitor voltage decreases, and the electrostatic energy then flows from the submodule capacitors and supports extra power to the grid in need. Decoupled control of the AC, DC and submodule dynamics of the MMC maintains the desired control performance during and after the inertial response, emulating the inherent behavior of the synchronous machine. This study further quantifies the inertia constant of the MMC, equivalent to that of the synchronous machine. The proposed control performance is demonstrated in the context of a Jeju Island power grid with MMC-HVDC systems for the offshore wind interconnection and interconnection between mainland and Jeju. Simulation results present that the proposed method improves the frequency response in harmony with existing synchronous generators and line-commuted converter based HVDC system.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85078275199&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85078275199&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2942852

DO - 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2942852

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85078275199

SN - 2169-3536

VL - 7

SP - 138485

EP - 138494

JO - IEEE Access

JF - IEEE Access

M1 - 8846030

ER -

Exploiting Redundant Energy of MMC-HVDC to Enhance Frequency Response of Low Inertia AC Grid

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Cite this