Evaluation of the applicability of high insulation fire door with vacuum insulation panels: Experimental results from fire resistance, airtightness, and condensation tests

High insulation fire door (HIFD) was designed using the design process of vacuum insulation panels (VIPs) and frames to improve the insulation performance of fire doors. To improve the insulation and airtightness performance of HIFDs, the frame was designed using a 3D heat transfer program. The thermal performance of the HIFD could be improved through ceramic board application, gasket positioning, and frame design for cavity applications. The final designed HIFD exhibited a heat transmittance value of 0.872 W/m²K. To assess the applicability of the HIFD to buildings, tests were conducted using the test object produced for the optimal design derived from the simulation data. The tests included fire resistance, airtightness, and condensation tests. Despite the high insulation performance, a fire resistance performance of more than 60 min was achieved. Due to the application of graphite covering tapes, fire resistance and airtightness improved, and the exhibited condensation performance could be applied in the −20 °C area.