Enhancement of thermoelectric performance in a non-toxic CuInTe₂/SnTe coated grain nanocomposite

A thermoelectric coated grain nanocomposite CuInTe₂/SnTe with eco-friendly elements was synthesized. The nanocomposite contains a coating layer of CuInTe₂and SnO₂at the grain boundaries of the SnTe matrix. The coating layer was synthesized using the cation exchange process considering the hard soft acid base (HSAB) concept, the solubility product, and crystal structure. The CuInTe₂coating layer blocks the low energy carriers of the composite resulting in 40% enhancement of the Seebeck coefficient due to energy filtering. The coherent phonon scattering by the coating layer of CuInTe₂effectively reduces the lattice thermal conductivity to almost the minimum theoretical limit. The thermoelectric figure of merit (zT) for the CuInTe₂/SnTe nanocomposite was as high as 1.68 at 823 K, which is significantly higher than that of bulk SnTe in the mid-temperature range. The averagezTfrom 373 K to 823 K for the nanocomposite was 0.76, which is promising for utilization in industrial application.