Engineering pupil function for optical adversarial attacks

Kyulim Kim, Jeongsoo Kim, Seungri Song, Jun Ho Choi, Chulmin Joo, Jong Seok Lee

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

4 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Adversarial attacks inject imperceptible noise to images to deteriorate the performance of deep image classification models. However, most of the existing studies consider attacks in the digital (pixel) domain where an image acquired by an image sensor with sampling and quantization is recorded. This paper, for the first time, introduces a scheme for optical adversarial attack, which physically alters the light field information arriving at the image sensor so that the classification model yields misclassification. We modulate the phase of the light in the Fourier domain using a spatial light modulator placed in the photographic system. The operative parameters of the modulator for adversarial attack are obtained by gradient-based optimization to maximize cross-entropy and minimize distortion. Experiments based on both simulation and a real optical system demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed optical attack. We show that our attack can conceal perturbations in the image more effectively than the existing pixel-domain attack. It is also verified that the proposed attack is completely different from common optical aberrations such as spherical aberration, defocus, and astigmatism in terms of both perturbation patterns and classification results.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)6500-6518
Number of pages19
JournalOptics Express
Volume30
Issue number5
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2022 Feb 28

Bibliographical note

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics

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