El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

Axel Timmermann; Soon Il An; Jong Seong Kug; Fei Fei Jin; Wenju Cai; Antonietta Capotondi; Kim Cobb; Matthieu Lengaigne; Michael J. McPhaden; Malte F. Stuecker; Karl Stein; Andrew T. Wittenberg; Kyung Sook Yun; Tobias Bayr; Han Ching Chen; Yoshimitsu Chikamoto; Boris Dewitte; Dietmar Dommenget; Pamela Grothe; Eric Guilyardi; Yoo Geun Ham; Michiya Hayashi; Sarah Ineson; Daehyun Kang; Sunyong Kim; Won Moo Kim; June Yi Lee; Tim Li; Jing Jia Luo; Shayne McGregor; Yann Planton; Scott Power; Harun Rashid; Hong Li Ren; Agus Santoso; Ken Takahashi; Alexander Todd; Guomin Wang; Guojian Wang; Ruihuang Xie; Woo Hyun Yang; Sang Wook Yeh; Jinho Yoon; Elke Zeller; Xuebin Zhang

doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6

El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

Axel Timmermann, Soon Il An, Jong Seong Kug, Fei Fei Jin, Wenju Cai, Antonietta Capotondi, Kim Cobb, Matthieu Lengaigne, Michael J. McPhaden, Malte F. Stuecker, Karl Stein, Andrew T. Wittenberg, Kyung Sook Yun, Tobias Bayr, Han Ching Chen, Yoshimitsu Chikamoto, Boris Dewitte, Dietmar Dommenget, Pamela Grothe, Eric GuilyardiYoo Geun Ham, Michiya Hayashi, Sarah Ineson, Daehyun Kang, Sunyong Kim, Won Moo Kim, June Yi Lee, Tim Li, Jing Jia Luo, Shayne McGregor, Yann Planton, Scott Power, Harun Rashid, Hong Li Ren, Agus Santoso, Ken Takahashi, Alexander Todd, Guomin Wang, Guojian Wang, Ruihuang Xie, Woo Hyun Yang, Sang Wook Yeh, Jinho Yoon, Elke Zeller, Xuebin Zhang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Review article › peer-review

535 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

El Niño events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities. The alternation of warm El Niño and cold La Niña conditions, referred to as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system. Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	535-545
Number of pages	11
Journal	Nature
Volume	559
Issue number	7715
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6
Publication status	Published - 2018 Jul 26

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Acknowledgements A.T., K.S., K.-S.Y. and E.Z. were supported by the Institute for Basic Science (project code IBS-R028-D1). B.D. was funded by Fondecyt (grant 1151185). S.-I.A. was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2A2A05069383). J.-S.K. was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2B3011511). F.-F.J.’s contribution was sponsored through the US NSF Grant AGS-1406601 and the US Department of Energy Grant DE-SC0005110. T.B. receives funding from SFB 754, project ‘Climate–Biochemistry Interactions in the tropical Ocean’. M.J.M. is supported by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). H.-L.R. is supported by the China Meteorological Special Research Project (grant number GYHY201506013). S.I. was supported by the UK–China Research & Innovation Partnership Fund through the Met Office Climate Science for Service Partnership (CSSP) China as part of the Newton Fund. M.F.S. acknowledges support from the NOAA Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, administered by UCAR’s Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Sciences (CPAESS). H.R. was partly funded by the National Environmental Science Program, Australia. This is PMEL contribution number 4723. The authors thank the TAO Project Office of NOAA/PMEL for providing the TAO/TRITON 20 °C isotherm depth anomaly data shown in Fig. 5.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2018, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

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10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6

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Timmermann, A., An, S. I., Kug, J. S., Jin, F. F., Cai, W., Capotondi, A., Cobb, K., Lengaigne, M., McPhaden, M. J., Stuecker, M. F., Stein, K., Wittenberg, A. T., Yun, K. S., Bayr, T., Chen, H. C., Chikamoto, Y., Dewitte, B., Dommenget, D., Grothe, P., ... Zhang, X. (2018). El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity. Nature, 559(7715), 535-545. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6

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title = "El Ni{\~n}o–Southern Oscillation complexity",

abstract = "El Ni{\~n}o events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities. The alternation of warm El Ni{\~n}o and cold La Ni{\~n}a conditions, referred to as the El Ni{\~n}o–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system. Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system.",

author = "Axel Timmermann and An, {Soon Il} and Kug, {Jong Seong} and Jin, {Fei Fei} and Wenju Cai and Antonietta Capotondi and Kim Cobb and Matthieu Lengaigne and McPhaden, {Michael J.} and Stuecker, {Malte F.} and Karl Stein and Wittenberg, {Andrew T.} and Yun, {Kyung Sook} and Tobias Bayr and Chen, {Han Ching} and Yoshimitsu Chikamoto and Boris Dewitte and Dietmar Dommenget and Pamela Grothe and Eric Guilyardi and Ham, {Yoo Geun} and Michiya Hayashi and Sarah Ineson and Daehyun Kang and Sunyong Kim and Kim, {Won Moo} and Lee, {June Yi} and Tim Li and Luo, {Jing Jia} and Shayne McGregor and Yann Planton and Scott Power and Harun Rashid and Ren, {Hong Li} and Agus Santoso and Ken Takahashi and Alexander Todd and Guomin Wang and Guojian Wang and Ruihuang Xie and Yang, {Woo Hyun} and Yeh, {Sang Wook} and Jinho Yoon and Elke Zeller and Xuebin Zhang",

note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgements A.T., K.S., K.-S.Y. and E.Z. were supported by the Institute for Basic Science (project code IBS-R028-D1). B.D. was funded by Fondecyt (grant 1151185). S.-I.A. was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2A2A05069383). J.-S.K. was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2B3011511). F.-F.J.{\textquoteright}s contribution was sponsored through the US NSF Grant AGS-1406601 and the US Department of Energy Grant DE-SC0005110. T.B. receives funding from SFB 754, project {\textquoteleft}Climate–Biochemistry Interactions in the tropical Ocean{\textquoteright}. M.J.M. is supported by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). H.-L.R. is supported by the China Meteorological Special Research Project (grant number GYHY201506013). S.I. was supported by the UK–China Research & Innovation Partnership Fund through the Met Office Climate Science for Service Partnership (CSSP) China as part of the Newton Fund. M.F.S. acknowledges support from the NOAA Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, administered by UCAR{\textquoteright}s Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Sciences (CPAESS). H.R. was partly funded by the National Environmental Science Program, Australia. This is PMEL contribution number 4723. The authors thank the TAO Project Office of NOAA/PMEL for providing the TAO/TRITON 20 °C isotherm depth anomaly data shown in Fig. 5. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., part of Springer Nature.",

year = "2018",

month = jul,

day = "26",

doi = "10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6",

language = "English",

volume = "559",

pages = "535--545",

journal = "Nature",

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Timmermann, A, An, SI, Kug, JS, Jin, FF, Cai, W, Capotondi, A, Cobb, K, Lengaigne, M, McPhaden, MJ, Stuecker, MF, Stein, K, Wittenberg, AT, Yun, KS, Bayr, T, Chen, HC, Chikamoto, Y, Dewitte, B, Dommenget, D, Grothe, P, Guilyardi, E, Ham, YG, Hayashi, M, Ineson, S, Kang, D, Kim, S, Kim, WM, Lee, JY, Li, T, Luo, JJ, McGregor, S, Planton, Y, Power, S, Rashid, H, Ren, HL, Santoso, A, Takahashi, K, Todd, A, Wang, G, Wang, G, Xie, R, Yang, WH, Yeh, SW, Yoon, J, Zeller, E & Zhang, X 2018, 'El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity', Nature, vol. 559, no. 7715, pp. 535-545. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6

TY - JOUR

T1 - El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

AU - Timmermann, Axel

AU - An, Soon Il

AU - Kug, Jong Seong

AU - Jin, Fei Fei

AU - Cai, Wenju

AU - Capotondi, Antonietta

AU - Cobb, Kim

AU - Lengaigne, Matthieu

AU - McPhaden, Michael J.

AU - Stuecker, Malte F.

AU - Stein, Karl

AU - Wittenberg, Andrew T.

AU - Yun, Kyung Sook

AU - Bayr, Tobias

AU - Chen, Han Ching

AU - Chikamoto, Yoshimitsu

AU - Dewitte, Boris

AU - Dommenget, Dietmar

AU - Grothe, Pamela

AU - Guilyardi, Eric

AU - Ham, Yoo Geun

AU - Hayashi, Michiya

AU - Ineson, Sarah

AU - Kang, Daehyun

AU - Kim, Sunyong

AU - Kim, Won Moo

AU - Lee, June Yi

AU - Li, Tim

AU - Luo, Jing Jia

AU - McGregor, Shayne

AU - Planton, Yann

AU - Power, Scott

AU - Rashid, Harun

AU - Ren, Hong Li

AU - Santoso, Agus

AU - Takahashi, Ken

AU - Todd, Alexander

AU - Wang, Guomin

AU - Wang, Guojian

AU - Xie, Ruihuang

AU - Yang, Woo Hyun

AU - Yeh, Sang Wook

AU - Yoon, Jinho

AU - Zeller, Elke

AU - Zhang, Xuebin

N1 - Funding Information: Acknowledgements A.T., K.S., K.-S.Y. and E.Z. were supported by the Institute for Basic Science (project code IBS-R028-D1). B.D. was funded by Fondecyt (grant 1151185). S.-I.A. was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2A2A05069383). J.-S.K. was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF-2017R1A2B3011511). F.-F.J.’s contribution was sponsored through the US NSF Grant AGS-1406601 and the US Department of Energy Grant DE-SC0005110. T.B. receives funding from SFB 754, project ‘Climate–Biochemistry Interactions in the tropical Ocean’. M.J.M. is supported by the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). H.-L.R. is supported by the China Meteorological Special Research Project (grant number GYHY201506013). S.I. was supported by the UK–China Research & Innovation Partnership Fund through the Met Office Climate Science for Service Partnership (CSSP) China as part of the Newton Fund. M.F.S. acknowledges support from the NOAA Climate and Global Change Postdoctoral Fellowship Program, administered by UCAR’s Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Sciences (CPAESS). H.R. was partly funded by the National Environmental Science Program, Australia. This is PMEL contribution number 4723. The authors thank the TAO Project Office of NOAA/PMEL for providing the TAO/TRITON 20 °C isotherm depth anomaly data shown in Fig. 5. Publisher Copyright: © 2018, Macmillan Publishers Ltd., part of Springer Nature.

PY - 2018/7/26

Y1 - 2018/7/26

N2 - El Niño events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities. The alternation of warm El Niño and cold La Niña conditions, referred to as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system. Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system.

AB - El Niño events are characterized by surface warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean and weakening of equatorial trade winds that occur every few years. Such conditions are accompanied by changes in atmospheric and oceanic circulation, affecting global climate, marine and terrestrial ecosystems, fisheries and human activities. The alternation of warm El Niño and cold La Niña conditions, referred to as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), represents the strongest year-to-year fluctuation of the global climate system. Here we provide a synopsis of our current understanding of the spatio-temporal complexity of this important climate mode and its influence on the Earth system.

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U2 - 10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6

DO - 10.1038/s41586-018-0252-6

M3 - Review article

C2 - 30046070

AN - SCOPUS:85050666207

SN - 0028-0836

VL - 559

SP - 535

EP - 545

JO - Nature

JF - Nature

IS - 7715

ER -

El Niño–Southern Oscillation complexity

Abstract

Bibliographical note

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

UN SDGs

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