Comparison Between Beta-Blockers with Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Beta-Blockers with Angiotensin II Type I Receptor Blockers in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction After Successful Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Drug-Eluting Stents

Background/Aims: Limited comparative data concerning long-term clinical outcomes of combination therapy between beta-blockers (BB) with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) therapy in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) are available. We thought to compare 2-year major clinical outcomes between BB with ACEI and BB with ARB therapy in patients with STEMI after successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES). Methods: 13,873 STEMI patients who underwent successful PCI with DES were enrolled and divided into two groups as the BB with ACEI group (n = 10,393) and the BB with ARB group (n = 3480). The clinical endpoint was the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) defined as all-cause death, cardiac death (CD), recurrent myocardial infarction (re-MI), total coronary revascularization (target lesion revascularization [TLR], target vessel revascularization [TVR], non-TVR) during the 2-year follow-up period. Results: After propensity score-matched (PSM) analysis, two PSM groups (3296 pairs, n = 6592, C-statistic = 0.675) were generated. Although the incidences of re-MI, TLR, and TVR were similar, the incidences of MACE (8.3% vs. 6.8%, log-rank p = 0.038, hazard ratio [HR] 1.210, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.010–1.451, p = 0.039), all-cause death, CD, total revascularization, and non-TVR of the BB with ARB group were significantly higher than the BB with ACEI group after PSM. In addition, diabetes and multivessel disease were significant predictors for non-TVR. Conclusions: The combination BB with ACEI may be beneficial for reducing MACE in STEMI patients after successful PCI with DES than the BB with ARB.