Chlorhexidine Gluconate Attenuates the Ability of Lipoteichoic Acid from Enterococcus faecalis to Stimulate Toll-like Receptor 2

Jin Kyung Lee; Jung Eun Baik; Cheol Heui Yun; Kangseok Lee; Seung Hyun Han; Woo Cheol Lee; Kwang Shik Bae; Seung Ho Baek; Yoon Lee; Won Jun Son; Kee Yeon Kum

doi:10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.018

Chlorhexidine Gluconate Attenuates the Ability of Lipoteichoic Acid from Enterococcus faecalis to Stimulate Toll-like Receptor 2

Jin Kyung Lee, Jung Eun Baik, Cheol Heui Yun, Kangseok Lee, Seung Hyun Han, Woo Cheol Lee, Kwang Shik Bae, Seung Ho Baek, Yoon Lee, Won Jun Son, Kee Yeon Kum

Dentistry

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

17 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) has been widely used as a canal irrigant or an intracanal medicament on account of its antibacterial substantivity. This in vitro study aimed to determine if CHX attenuates the inflammatory activity of Enterococcus faecalis and its major virulence factor, lipoteichoic acid (LTA). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that CHX-killed E. faecalis was less potent than heat-killed E. faecalis in the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 (p < 0.05). Interestingly, pretreatment of LTA with 2% CHX for 6 hours or with 0.2% CHX for 24 hours almost eliminated the TNF-α inducibility (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CHX abrogated the ability of LTA to stimulate Toll-like receptor 2, resulting in the attenuated induction of TNF-α expression. Collectively, our results suggest that CHX can inactivate LTA of E. faecalis leading to the alleviation of inflammatory responses induced by E. faecalis and its LTA.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	212-215
Number of pages	4
Journal	Journal of endodontics
Volume	35
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.018
Publication status	Published - 2009 Feb

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
Supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (KRF-2008-314- E00223 ) and by a grant (03-2007-0090) from the Seoul National University Dental Hospital Research Fund, Republic of Korea.

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Dentistry(all)

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10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.018

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title = "Chlorhexidine Gluconate Attenuates the Ability of Lipoteichoic Acid from Enterococcus faecalis to Stimulate Toll-like Receptor 2",

abstract = "Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) has been widely used as a canal irrigant or an intracanal medicament on account of its antibacterial substantivity. This in vitro study aimed to determine if CHX attenuates the inflammatory activity of Enterococcus faecalis and its major virulence factor, lipoteichoic acid (LTA). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that CHX-killed E. faecalis was less potent than heat-killed E. faecalis in the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 (p < 0.05). Interestingly, pretreatment of LTA with 2% CHX for 6 hours or with 0.2% CHX for 24 hours almost eliminated the TNF-α inducibility (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CHX abrogated the ability of LTA to stimulate Toll-like receptor 2, resulting in the attenuated induction of TNF-α expression. Collectively, our results suggest that CHX can inactivate LTA of E. faecalis leading to the alleviation of inflammatory responses induced by E. faecalis and its LTA.",

author = "Lee, {Jin Kyung} and Baik, {Jung Eun} and Yun, {Cheol Heui} and Kangseok Lee and Han, {Seung Hyun} and Lee, {Woo Cheol} and Bae, {Kwang Shik} and Baek, {Seung Ho} and Yoon Lee and Son, {Won Jun} and Kum, {Kee Yeon}",

note = "Funding Information: Supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (KRF-2008-314- E00223 ) and by a grant (03-2007-0090) from the Seoul National University Dental Hospital Research Fund, Republic of Korea. ",

year = "2009",

month = feb,

doi = "10.1016/j.joen.2008.10.018",

language = "English",

volume = "35",

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journal = "Journal of endodontics",

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T1 - Chlorhexidine Gluconate Attenuates the Ability of Lipoteichoic Acid from Enterococcus faecalis to Stimulate Toll-like Receptor 2

AU - Lee, Jin Kyung

AU - Baik, Jung Eun

AU - Yun, Cheol Heui

AU - Lee, Kangseok

AU - Han, Seung Hyun

AU - Lee, Woo Cheol

AU - Bae, Kwang Shik

AU - Baek, Seung Ho

AU - Lee, Yoon

AU - Son, Won Jun

AU - Kum, Kee Yeon

N1 - Funding Information: Supported by the Korea Research Foundation Grant funded by the Korean Government (KRF-2008-314- E00223 ) and by a grant (03-2007-0090) from the Seoul National University Dental Hospital Research Fund, Republic of Korea.

PY - 2009/2

Y1 - 2009/2

N2 - Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) has been widely used as a canal irrigant or an intracanal medicament on account of its antibacterial substantivity. This in vitro study aimed to determine if CHX attenuates the inflammatory activity of Enterococcus faecalis and its major virulence factor, lipoteichoic acid (LTA). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that CHX-killed E. faecalis was less potent than heat-killed E. faecalis in the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 (p < 0.05). Interestingly, pretreatment of LTA with 2% CHX for 6 hours or with 0.2% CHX for 24 hours almost eliminated the TNF-α inducibility (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CHX abrogated the ability of LTA to stimulate Toll-like receptor 2, resulting in the attenuated induction of TNF-α expression. Collectively, our results suggest that CHX can inactivate LTA of E. faecalis leading to the alleviation of inflammatory responses induced by E. faecalis and its LTA.

AB - Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX) has been widely used as a canal irrigant or an intracanal medicament on account of its antibacterial substantivity. This in vitro study aimed to determine if CHX attenuates the inflammatory activity of Enterococcus faecalis and its major virulence factor, lipoteichoic acid (LTA). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that CHX-killed E. faecalis was less potent than heat-killed E. faecalis in the production of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by a murine macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7 (p < 0.05). Interestingly, pretreatment of LTA with 2% CHX for 6 hours or with 0.2% CHX for 24 hours almost eliminated the TNF-α inducibility (p < 0.05). Furthermore, CHX abrogated the ability of LTA to stimulate Toll-like receptor 2, resulting in the attenuated induction of TNF-α expression. Collectively, our results suggest that CHX can inactivate LTA of E. faecalis leading to the alleviation of inflammatory responses induced by E. faecalis and its LTA.

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Chlorhexidine Gluconate Attenuates the Ability of Lipoteichoic Acid from Enterococcus faecalis to Stimulate Toll-like Receptor 2

Abstract

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