Breast conserving therapy in stage I and II breast cancer in Korea

A randomized clinical study of 187 patients with T1, T2 breast cancer was performed, in order to compare the effects of modified radical mastectomy (MRM) and breast conserving therapy (BCT) on breast recurrence, overall survival, and disease-free survival. One hundred eighty seven patients with T1, T2 breast cancer, admitted at Yongdong Severance Hospital from April 1991 to August 1994, were randomized into two different treatment groups. Of the 187 patients, 111 patients had received MRM and 76 had received BCT. In any of the variables considered with the exceptions of age and menopausal status, patient characteristics such as tumor size, incidence of axillary lymph node metastasis, histologic grading, and estrogen and progesterone receptor positive rate were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). Using the Kaplan-Meier Product-limit method and log-rank test, the difference of locoregional recurrence, and overall and disease-free survival, between these comparable groups was analyzed. Average follow-up period was 37.6 months. Two out of 111 MRM patients and two out of 76 BCT patients had locoregional recurrence. Only one patient who had MRM was found to have a recurrence in her opposite breast. The overall survival rates in MRM and BCT patients were, respectively, 93.7% and 94.1%. Furthermore, the disease-free survival rates were, respectively, 89.2% and 93.9%. This result indicates that there were no significant differences between two groups in locoregional recurrence, and overall and disease-free survival. Having gained a better cosmetic appearance, the conservative treatment group was satisfied with the BCT. In this study, we conclude that BCT is a good alternative surgical treatment modality for T1, T2 Korean breast cancer patients, which could substitute for the more traditional MRM. However, further follow-up will be needed for long-term results.