AppScope: Application energy metering framework for Android smartphones using kernel activity monitoring

Understanding the energy consumption of a smartphone application is a key area of interest for end users, as well as application and system software developers. Previous work has only been able to provide limited information concerning the energy consumption of individual applications because of limited access to underlying hardware and system software. The energy consumption of a smartphone application is, therefore, often estimated with low accuracy and granularity. In this paper, we propose AppScope, an Android-based energy metering system. This system monitors application's hardware usage at the kernel level and accurately estimates energy consumption. AppScope is implemented as a kernel module and uses an event-driven monitoring method that generates low overhead and provides high accuracy. The evaluation results indicate that AppScope accurately estimates the energy consumption of Android applications expending approximately 35mW and 2.1% in power consumption and CPU utilization overhead, respectively.