A single-stage cleaner production system with random defective rate and remanufacturing

This paper investigates an impact of random defective rates in an imperfect production system with multiple products and planned backorders in a single-stage production system. The purpose of this study is to control a single-stage cleaner production system with a random defective rate for multiple products. Considering these, the model becomes a non-linear constraint problem. Based on different distribution functions of random defective rates, to eliminate the defective items from the system, five special cases for effective system management are considered. A non-linear optimization technique is utilized to solve the model and obtain the global optimum solution of cleaner production system with multiple products and a global optimum solution. Numerical examples, graphical representations, and sensitivity analysis are given to illustrate the model. Numerical studies prove that the cost related with a Chi-square distribution gives the least cost and cost related with a beta distribution gives the maximum cost, whereas the literature shows a triangular distribution gives the minimum cost.